Prenolepis imparis: Intraspezifische genetische Vielfalt!Mol Ecol, 2022 Jul 22. doi: 10.1111/mec.16624. Online ahead of print.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35866574/ Online nur das Abstract!Phylogeography and population genetics of a widespread cold-adapted ant, Prenolepis imparisMaria Adelena Tonione, Ke Bi, Robert R Dunn, Andrea Lucky, Daniel M Portik, Neil Durie Tsutsui
• PMID: 35866574
• DOI: 10.1111/mec.16624
Abstract As species arise, evolve, and diverge, they are shaped by forces that unfold across short and long time scales and at both local and vast geographic scales. It is rare, however, to be able document this history across broad sweeps of time and space in a single species. Here, we report the results of a continental-scale phylogenomic analysis across the entire range of a widespread species. We analyzed sequences of 1,402 orthologous Ultraconserved Element (UCE) loci from 75 individuals to identify population genetic structure and historical demographic patterns across the continent-wide range of a cold-adapted ant, the winter ant,
Prenolepis imparis. We recovered five well-supported, genetically isolated clades representing lineages that diverged from 8.2-2.2 million years ago. These include: 1) an early diverging lineage located in Florida, 2) a lineage that spans the southern United States, 3) populations that extend across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 4) populations from the western United States, and 5) populations in southwestern Arizona and Mexico. Population genetic analyses revealed little or no gene flow among these lineages, but patterns consistent with more recent gene flow among populations within lineages, and localized structure with migration in the western United States. High support for five major geographic lineages and lack of evidence of contemporary gene flow indicate in situ diversification across the species' range, producing relatively ancient lineages that persisted through subsequent climate change and glaciation during the Quaternary.
Keywords: Pliocene; UCEs; ants; climate change; refugia; speciation; ultraconserved elements.
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Meines Erachtens eine sehr wichtige Arbeit! Sie zeigt, dass eine weit verbreitete Art, hier
Prenolepis imparis, innerhalb ihres Verbreitungsgebietes in weitgehend isolierte Populationen gespalten sein kann. Die Autoren fanden innerhalb der USA fünf genetisch isolierte „Clades“, zwischen denen wenig oder kein Genaustausch vorkommt. Diese haben sich vor 2,2 bis 8,2 Millionen Jahren getrennt und blieben erhalten, trotz Klimawandel und Eiszeiten während des Quartärs.
Ich bin sicher, dass hier kein Einzelfall vorliegt. Vermutlich gilt Ähnliches für zahlreiche weiter verbreitete Arten, nicht nur bei Ameisen, so dass die unterschiedliche geografische Herkunft von Ameisenkolonien durchaus auch zu unterschiedlichen Beobachtungen sowie Ansprüchen an die Haltungsbedingungen führen kann.
MfG,
Merkur